|
Festival of the Entry of the Tree, for the god
Attis, ancient Rome
(Origins
of Palm Sunday)
Cybele and Attis
In this stage of the twelve-day Hilaria festival, the
priests of the goddess
Cybele would
carry pine (some say palm) trees through the streets today, for
the god Attis. Over time, the sacred rites of this day were
appropriated by the Christians, and they were attached to Palm
Sunday.
In Roman mythology,
Cybele's lover and son, or grandson, Attis, betrayed the goddess, and she
drove him mad. In his fallen state, Attis castrated himself and died
of haemorrhage, violets springing from his blood. (Castration
apparently ran in the family. Attis's mother was
Nana,
who was impregnated by an almond of the tree sprung from the severed
genitals of Agdistis
– Pausanias 7.17.8. Note that Pausanias's version
of the Attis story differs from others; there are
several Attis myths.) Fortunately for Attis,
when he mutilated himself she was remorseful, and Zeus helped her
resurrect him after three days. (The myth of Cybele and
Attis has inspired one of the greatest of all Roman poems, the
93-line Attis of Catullus.)
A felled pine tree was covered
with violets and carried to the shrine of Cybele on Mount Dindymus.
It might be that one main tree was carried solemnly, and
participants and bystanders waved smaller trees and branches. At the
shrine, in what is obviously a Spring Equinox symbol for this life-death-rebirth deity,
strikingly similar to Easter, Attis was mourned for three days
until, in ritual, he was resurrected by the love of Cybele, following
which the devotees engaged in joyous and unrestrained celebration.
The
Emperor
Claudius
(10
BCE -
54)
popularised
the custom, from Phrygia
(in modern Turkey, home of Cybele), of swathing the young pine tree
like a corpse, in linen and wool. Wreaths of violets, said to have
sprung from Attis's spilled blood, decorated the procession. Dendrophori
-
tree bearers -
carried the pine through the city gates to Cybele's sanctuary, on
the hill where St Peter's now stands.
The god was dead on March
22; his holy blood ran down to redeem the earth. Two days of
mourning followed, but when night fell on the eve of the third day,
March 25,
the worshippers turned to joy.
At this time, the priest opened the tomb to reveal
that the god was not still there. The worshippers cheered as the
priest announced, "Be of good cheer, neophytes, seeing that the god
is saved; for we also, after our toils, shall find salvation!"
"For suddenly a light
shone in the darkness; the tomb was opened; the God had risen from
the dead ... [and the priest] softly whispered in their ears the
glad tidings of salvation. The resurrection of the God was
hailed by his disciples as a promise that they too would issue
triumphant from the corruption of the grave."
Frazer, JG, The Golden Bough,
Ch. 34, 'The Myth and Ritual of Attis'; Ch. 35, 'Attis as
a God of Vegetation'; Ch. 36, 'Human
Representatives of Attis'
Note that March 25 is nine months
(the human gestation period) before December 25;
ie, Spring
Equinox is nine months before Winter Solstice.
As the orgiastic cult of Cybele spread from
Anatolia to Greece and eventually to Rome, the cult of Attis, her
reborn eunuch consort, accompanied her.Cybele and Attis:
See the Scriptorium's article on the Megalesia
How are
ancient gods and saviours like Jesus Christ?
Cybele's
festival of the Hilaria, see March 15 in the Book of Days
Attis, from
original sources Attis at Wikipedia
Akitu Festival,
Sumeria (c. Mar
20 - 31)
Festival of
Hilaria, in honour of the Mother of Gods, ancient Rome (Mar 15 - 27)
Quinquatria, Festival of Minerva,
Goddess of Wisdom, ancient Rome (Mar 19 - 23)
Week of
Solidarity with the Peoples Struggling Against Racism and Racial
Discrimination (UN) (Mar 21 - 28)
The earliest day on which Easter can occur
Feast day of St Basil of Ancyra, martyr
Feast day of St Basilissa
Feast day of St Benevenuto
Scotivoli of Osimo
Feast day of St Callinica
Feast day of
St Catharine of Sweden, Abbess
(Pilewort, Ficaria verna, is
today's plant, dedicated to
this saint.)
Feast day of St Darerca
Feast day of St Deogratias
of Carthage
Feast day of St Epaphroditus
Feast day of St Harlindis
of Arland
Feast day of St Hugolinus
Zefferini
Feast day of St Isnard de
Chiampo
Feast day of St Lea, widow, of Rome
Feast day of St Nicholas von Flüe,
patron saint of Switzerland
Born in 1417
in the Canton of
Unterwalden, Switzerland, and dying
in the Ranft valley in 1487,
this St Nicholas was first a farmer, then a soldier. Married with ten
children, in 1467 he announced his intention to lead a
contemplative, religious life. Although his wife Dorothy supported
him, his friends and family were alarmed. He helped negotiate a
peace in the civil war (1481). St Nicholas von Flüe was canonized
in 1947.
Feast day of St Octavian
Feast day of St Paul of
Narbonne
Feast day of St Saturninus
Feast day of St Trien
Feast day of St Zachary
St Zachary was elected pope in 741 He sanctioned the
assumption of the Frankish crown by
Pepin the Short,
King of the Franks, and denounced
the iconoclasm of the Byzantine emperor, Constantine V. St Zachary
opposed the trade in Christian slaves and translated St Gregory the
Great's Dialogues into
Greek.
Click for Eastern Orthodox liturgical days Shop saints
Arab League Day, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
This commemorates the formation of
the Arab League at a conference in London on March 22, 1945.
Tree Planting Day,
Lesotho
Today is a national holiday in
Lesotho, the southern African nation, formerly
Basutoland.
Emancipation of the Slaves Day,
Puerto Rico
Today is a national holiday marking
the abolition of slavery in Puerto Rico on March 22, 1873.
Easter
Sunday
– 1818,
2285
In the Gregorian
Calendar March 22 is the earliest date on which
Easter
Sunday can fall (April
25 is the latest).
1459 Maximilian
I, Holy Roman Emperor
1599 Anthony van
Dyck (d. 1641), painter,
Flemish-born artist, portraitist to Charles I of England
1797 Wilhelm I (d. 1888),
King
of Prussia and German Emperor
 1812
Stephen Pearl Andrews (d. May 21,
1886), anarchist
abolitionist, Modern Times community
founder (with Josiah Warren,
1799 - 1874), born at
Templeton,
Massachusetts,
USA.
He was a
lawyer, author (The Sovereignty of the Individual;
Science of Society) and
free-love advocate; it is said that he knew 32 languages.
He started with
a brilliant career at the American bar and sacrificed it by his
zealous work for the abolition of slavery. Andrews also contributed
frequently to the Truth Seeker,
a journal of rational thought that is still in publication (other
eminent contributors included Thomas Edison,
Clarence
Darrow, Mark
Twain, Robert G
Ingersoll, HL Mencken,
Elizabeth
Cady Stanton, and Margaret
Sanger). By the 1860s, he was propounding an
ideal society called
Pantarchy, and from this he moved on to a
philosophy he called "universology", which stressed the
unity of all knowledge and activities.
Andrews
was cited in the
article on Anarchism by none other than Prince Peter Kropotkin in the
famed 1910 edition of The
Encyclopaedia Britannica.
"Josiah Warren and Stephen Pearl Andrews were brilliant and idealistic men, social reformers whose dream was to create a utopia where everyone would live in harmony, where profit would be a dirty word and absolute personal freedom – including
'free love' – would be the ultimate goal.
"So it was almost 150 years ago that Warren and Andrews founded Modern Times, a social experiment that occupied, for a volatile 13 years, the land that now is part of Brentwood. Short-lived though it was, Modern Times left its mark as a place whose time had not yet come: Its maverick residents, who never numbered more than 150, were free to cohabit with or without marriage. To be sure, this was what gave the place its reputation as a
'Sodom of the pine barrens,' but it was only part of what Modern
Times was about. The village operated harmoniously for several years
without police, courts or crime. All residents were allowed total
personal freedom as long as their actions hurt no one else. Food,
clothing, land and housing – all the necessities – were sold at
cost."
Source
See also the entry for Andrews in
Joseph McCabe's A
Biographical Dictionary of ... Freethinkers.
Andrews Bibliography
The
Science of Society
More
1817
Baha'u'llah (d. 1892),
prophet of the Baha'i
faith1817 Braxton Bragg
(d. 1876),
American Confederate
general
1846
Randolph Caldecott
(d. February
12, 1886), English illustrator after whom the
prestigious Caldecott Medal for American children's book
illustration is named
1852
Francis Bourdillon, English poet
1861
Walter
Francis Willcox (d. 1964), American statistician and Census
Bureau head1868
Robert Millikan, American physicist
1887 Chico
Marx (d.
1961), comedian, actor1907 Lucia dos
Santos (d. 2005),
one of the three
Fatima
witnesses 1908 Louis L'Amour
(d. 1988),
author 1909 Gabrielle Roy
(d. 1983),
author 1910
Nicholas Monsarrat, British author (The Cruel Sea; The Tribe That Lost Its Head)
1912 Karl
Malden, actor1920 Werner
Klemperer (d. 2000), actor who played bumbling Colonel Klink in
1960s TV series
Hogan's Heroes 1920 James Brown, American soul singer ('I
Got You [I Feel Good]')
1923
Marcel Marceau, French mime artist
 "Marcel Marceau – universally
acclaimed as the world's greatest mime, was born in Strasbourg,
France. Marceau's interest in the art of mime began at an early
age when he would imitate with gestures anything that fired his
imagination. Later he discovered such silent screen artists as
Charlie Chaplin, Buster Keaton, Harry Langdon, Stan Laurel and
Oliver Hardy, and his admiration for these great actors inspired
him to pursue the art of silence as a profession."
Source
"In
1946, he enrolled as a student in
Charles Dullin's
School of Dramatic Art in the Sarah Bernhardt Theatre in Paris,
where he studied with the great master, Etienne
Decroux, who had also taught
Jean-Louis
Barrault. The latter noticed Marceau's exceptional talent,
made him a member of his company, and cast him in the role of
Arlequin in the pantomime entitled Baptiste – which
Barrault himself had interpreted in the world famous film 'Les Enfants du Paradis'.
Marceau's performance won him such acclaim that he was encouraged
to present his first 'mimodrama', called Praxitele and the
Golden Fish, at the Bernhardt Theatre that same year. The
acclaim was so unanimous that Marceau's career as a mime was
firmly established."
Source
More
1930
Stephen
Sondheim, American composer of musicals (Sweeney Todd;
A Little Night
Music)
1930 Pat Robertson,
American televangelist and 1988 presidential candidate
1931 William Shatner,
Canadian actor, played Captain James T Kirk in
Star Trek TV series
1933 May
Britt, Swedish actress
1934 Orrin
Hatch, American politician (Senator
from Utah)
1935 M Emmet Walsh,
actor
1936
Roger Whittaker, Kenyan-born British singer and songwriter ('The Last Farewell')
1940 Haing S Ngor (murdered
February 25, 1996), Cambodian-born
American actor (Oscar for Best Supporting Actor in
The Killing Fields,
1984)
"On
the 25 February, 1996, Dr Haing S Ngor was gunned down in front
of the Chinatown apartment he used in Los Angeles. Just two days
later, three 19-year-old boys, members of a local gang, were
arrested and charged with the murder, which was apparently a
simple robbery gone wrong. Haing was shot after refusing to hand
over a locket, holding a photo of his late wife."
Source
1941 Bruno
Ganz, Swiss actor
1943 George Benson,
jazz
musician
1946
André
Heller, artist
1946 Rudy Rucker,
science fiction author
1947 Harry
Vanda, Dutch-born member of Australian rock band The
Easybeats ('Friday on My Mind'), who with partner George
Young had a huge influence on Australian rock music
"In 1964, Dutch-born Harry Vanda met fellow
Easybeats whilst all were living at the Villawood migrant hostel.
"For the first few years of The Easybeats'
existence, the songs - eight Top 5 hits in less than two years -
were written by George Young with lyrics from singer Stevie
Wright. But by the end of 1966 George began to write more closely
with the band's lead guitarist Harry Vanda. Their first hit
together was 'Friday On My Mind'.
"Meanwhile,
under the guidance of Vanda and Young, AC/DC with George's
younger brothers Malcolm and Angus launched a career that has
resulted in over 90 million album sales internationally and a
ranking as the fifth largest selling artists in American music
history." Source
1948
Andrew Lloyd
Webber, British composer
"In
1965, he met Tim Rice, who would be his collaborator on his first
successes, and began writing for the theatre. In 1972, Andrew
married Sara Hugill, with whom he had two children. They were
later divorced, and Andrew married Sarah Brightman in 1984. This
marriage also ended, and in 1991 Andrew married his third wife,
Madeleine. They are currently married with three children.
"Besides his many stage compositions, Lloyd Webber
has also written film scores, pop songs, a requiem, and is the
owner of the Really Useful Company, which, along with producing
shows, also owns many of the West End's theatres. Among his many
achievements are seven Tony Awards, three Grammys, five
Oliviers, a Golden Globe and an Oscar. He was the first person
to have three different shows playing in New York and London. He
was knighted in 1992, and in 1997 was named Lord Lloyd-Webber of
Sydmonton." Source
Webber musicals
1949 Fanny Ardant,
French actress
1955 Pete Sessions,
American politician1956 Lena
Olin, Swedish actress 1959 Matthew Modine,
American actor (Full Metal
Jacket) 1966 Artis Pabriks,
Latvian Minister of Foreign Affairs 1976 Reese
Witherspoon, American actress
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March
20 Autumnal
Equinox / Spring
Equinox
20 Astrology
Day
21 Nowruz
21 Flower
Day
21 Baha'i
New Year
21 Single
Parents Day
22 Sing
Out Day
22 International
Goof Off Day
22 Roller
Coaster Day
22 World
Water Day
23 Cuddly
Kitten Day
23 Liberty
Day
24 Chocolate
Covered Raisins Day
24 Houdini
Day
25 Pecan
Day
25 Independence
Day (Greece)
26 Birthday
Of Robert Frost
27 Photography
Day
27 Fly
A Kite Day
27 World
Theatre Day
28 Hot
Tub Day
28 Respect
Your Cat Day
30 Doctors'
Day
31 Bunsen
Burner Day
April
1 April
Fools' Day
1 Firefighters
Day
1 World
Catfish Festival (Mississippi, USA)
1 Taro
Festival (Hawaii, USA)
2 Great
Lovers Day
2 Reconciliation
Day
2 Peanut
Butter And Jelly Day
3 Find
A Rainbow Day
3 Chocolate
Mousse Day
3 Circus
Day
3 Workplace
Napping Day
4 Tell
A Lie Day
4 Vitamin
C Day
4 Independence
Day (Senegal)
5 Lady
Luck Day
5 Thank
Your School Librarian Day
5 Bell
Bottoms Day
5 Tomb
Sweeping Day
6 Animated
Cartoon Day
6 California
Poppy Day
... More
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application. Further details
238 Gordian I
and his son Gordian
II were proclaimed Roman emperors.
1417:
First Death of Flamel: "Nicolas Flamel, the famous and successful medieval alchemist,
'died' and was buried with his wife and adept
Pernelle, in his home town of Paris, having first achieved the Philosopher's Stone and attained immortality. They were seen on several occasions during the 17th century in India, then still more again in Paris in the 18th, having returned to occupy their old house and laboratory in rue
Marivaux. Their 'graves' contained only lengths of wood wrapped in funeral clothes."
Source
1471 Death of Pope Paul II,
(b. 1418).1621 The Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony
signed a peace treaty with Massasoit of the Wampanoags.
This treaty was kept, by both sides, for fifty years.
1638 Freethinker
Anne Hutchinson
was expelled from Massachusetts
Bay Colony for religious dissent.
1687 Death of Jean Baptiste
Lully
(b. 1632), French composer.
1765 The British
Parliament passed the Stamp Act,
the first direct tax levied from England on the
American colonies.
1809 Charles XIII
succeeded Gustav IV Adolf
to the Swedish
throne.
1820 Death of Stephen Decatur
(b. 1779),
sailor. 1829 After almost four centuries of Ottoman rule, Greece's borders
were established by a conference in London.
1831 Australia's oldest school,
The King's School, was founded
at Parramatta,
NSW.
1832 Death of Johann Wolfgang
von Goethe
(b. 1749),
writer and poet.1841 Cornstarch was patented in the USA.
1871 USA: In North Carolina,
William Holden became the first governor of a US state to be
removed from office by impeachment.1873 Slavery was abolished in Puerto Rico.
1880 In Melbourne, women were admitted to Australian universities
for the first time.
1880 The
first modern sighting of the Loch Ness Monster was made. The myth had
started with a sighting by the medieval saint, Columba.
Nessie
Nessie and St
Columba
The Legend of Nessie
China's
'Loch Ness Monster' resurfaces
Nessie's 1933 appearance,
at the Book of Days (May 2, 1933)
1895 At a private screening in Paris, Auguste and Louis Lumière gave
the first demonstration of a celluloid cinematograph film, ushering in the era
of motion
pictures.
1896 Death of Thomas
Hughes
(b. 1822), novelist.
1897 In Adelaide, Edmund Barton headed a conference that set out
this day much of what eventually became Australia's Constitution. (In 1901,
Barton became the first Prime Minister of the Commonwealth.)
1903 In a rare occurrence due to a drought, water ceased to flow
over the Niagara Falls.
1904 The Daily Illustrated
Mirror, USA, published the world's first colour pictures in the daily
press.
1905
Harper's Bazaar
rejected Mark Twain's
pro-peace short story, 'The War Prayer',
as "not quite suited to a woman's magazine". Eight days later, Twain
wrote to his friend Dan Beard, to whom he had read the story, "I don't
think the prayer will be published in my time. None but the dead are permitted
to tell the truth." Unfortunately, Twain had an exclusive contract with
Harper & Brothers, so the 1,300-word classic tale remained unpublished until
1923.
1907 In protest at
the despised pass laws, South African Asian
residents led by Mohandas Gandhi began a campaign of civil disobedience.
1907 The world's first taxi fare meters were used, in
London,
England.
1922 A Mr Box held a demonstration in
Melbourne,
Australia, to show the
extraction of gas from household garbage.
1933 The Nazis of Germany opened
the concentration camp at Dachau,
near Munich.
1939 World War II: Germany
took Memel
from Lithuania.1941 USA: Washington's
Grand Coulee
Dam began to generate electricity. 1942 The
French Resistance commenced receiving messages in
Morse code broadcast by the
BBC in London.
1945 Cairo, Egypt: Egypt,
Saudi Arabia,
Syria,
Lebanon,
Iraq and
Jordan joined to establish the Arab
League.
1946 The the
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan became independent from Britain.
1954 Closed
since 1939,
the London gold
market reopened.1956 Sir
Eugène Goossens, conductor of the
Sydney Symphony
Orchestra, was fined £80 by a local court after being stopped by Australian
customs with pornographic items. The interception of his luggage had followed a
period of surveillance after Goossens's dalliance with
Rosaleen
Norton, the so-called 'Witch of Kings Cross'.
1958 Faisal
became King of Saudi Arabia.1958 In South Africa, women protested against the apartheid Pass
Laws in their country.
1958 Elizabeth Taylor's
third husband, Mike Todd, was killed in an air
crash.
1960 Arthur
Leonard Schawlow and Charles Townes
received the first patent for a laser.
1963 In the House of Commons, British
cabinet minister and Secretary of
State for War, John Profumo,
affirmed that there had been no impropriety between him and Christine Keeler, a
London showgirl.
The so-called 'Profumo Affair' rocked
the UK and discredited the Conservative
government of Harold Macmillan.
Profumo had entered into an affair with Keeler, not suspecting that she was also
sleeping with Yevgeny Ivanov, a naval attaché at the embassy of the Soviet
Union.
While giving evidence at the
trial of Stephen Ward, another player in the affair, Keeler's friend Mandy Rice-Davies made
the quip for which she is most remembered. When the prosecuting counsel pointed
out that Lord Astor denied having an affair or having even met her, she replied,
"Well, he would, wouldn't he?"
Christine
Keeler and that chair
1965 Bob Dylan
"went electric," releasing his first album featuring
electric instruments, Bringing
It All Back Home.
1968 USA: A MOBE (Mobilization
to End the War in Vietnam) conference in Lake Villa, Illinois brought
together MOBE, SDS (Students
for a Democratic Society), and
Yippie
(Youth International Party) activists to plan the 1968 Democratic Party Convention
demonstrations.
At the same time, a
'Yip-In', organized by Abbie
Hoffman and fellow Yippies, was held at NYC Grand Central Terminal. Six
thousand people showed up to sing songs, chant and dance. A group climbed up on
the station's information desk and tore the arms off the booth's four clocks.
Two cherry bombs went off. A police riot ensued.
"In 1970, Eleanor Lester, a theater critic writing
in the New York Times, called Hoffman 'the boldest, most imaginative
producer-director-performer of avant-guard theater' and compared him to
Shakespeare in his 'genius for reaching a multi-level audience.' Hoffman's
masterpieces, she listed, were the throwing away of money at the New York
Stock Exchange and the levitation of the Pentagon (1967), the Grand Central
Station Yip-in 'massacre' and the Yippie demonstrations in Chicago (1968),
and the Conspiracy Trial of the Chicago Seven (1969-1970), which, as described
by Dwight Macdonald in another context, was Abbie's show, 'a chance to act
out in largest publicity his ideas about radical politics as theater, about
'putting on' the squares and goosing the media.'" Source
Trial of the
Chicago 7 and related
items at March 19, 1969;
March 22, 1968;
August 23, 1968; September 17, 1968; September 17, 1969; January 23, 1970
and November 21, 1972.
1975 A fire at
the Brown's Ferry
nuclear reactor in Decatur,
Alabama, USA, caused dangerous lowering of cooling water levels.1978 Karl Wallenda
of the Flying Wallendas died after falling off a tight-rope between
two hotels in San Juan,
Puerto Rico. 1980 USA: 30,000 marched against
conscription,
Washington, DC.
1984 Teachers at
the McMartin
preschool in Manhattan
Beach, California were charged with Satanic
ritual abuse of the children in the school. The charges were
later dropped as completely unfounded.
1986 Australian businessman
Alan Bond bought the British-based Thorn
EMI Screen Entertainment Co, reportedly for $232 million. Bond later went to
jail in Australia for fraud, over other business dealings.
1986 Australia and Britain announced an agreement on a reciprocal
health system whereby Australians holidaying in the UK could receive health
cover in public hospitals, and vice versa.
1987 "... [A]n unassuming barge called the Mobro 4000 began a 6,000 mile
voyage, looking for a port that would take its cargo – nearly 3,200 tons of
trash. With its escort, the tugboat Break of Day, the Mobro would sail along the
coast of the Eastern and Southern United States, down into the Gulf of Mexico
and through the Bahamas, before finally returning to New York, still bearing its
load of garbage.
"The saga of
the Mobro began when the city of Islip, New York realized that its landfills
were, well, full …"
Source
1993 The Intel
Corporation shipped the first Pentium chips
(80586) 64 bits-60 MHz-100+ MIPS.
1995 Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov
returned after setting a record for 438 days in space.
1999 USA: The trial
began for Dr Jack Kevorkian
(b. 1928) on
murder charges for the first time. Acting as his own lawyer, Kevorkian told a
jury in Pontiac,
Michigan, he was merely carrying out his professional duty in a
videotaped assisted death shown on TV's 60 Minutes.
Kevorkian was convicted of second-degree murder.
Kevorkian is a
controversial American medical doctor who is most famous for his support for
assisted
suicide.
Four years into prison term,
Kevorkian all but forgotten
February 23, 2003
"Four years ago, when he was convicted of second-degree murder, Jack
Kevorkian was one of the most famous people in America, ranking just a notch
behind the president in name recognition.
"Today, as his nation prepares for war, he sits in a cell
in Lapeer, almost totally forgotten and with seemingly little chance of ever
getting out alive. He says he now only wants to work to change the law and
promises never to help another patient die. But nobody seems to care.
"The man who made physician-assisted suicide famous was
on the cover of Time Magazine, dominated the airwaves and was the subject of
intense debate everywhere from philosophy classes to bowling alleys. Was he an
angel of mercy or a mass murderer? Was he the John Brown of a new civil rights
movement destined to win Americans the last right - the right to legally die
when one wanted to? …
"When Kevorkian was sentenced to 10 to 25 years in April 1999,
he thought public outrage would soon force his release. Exactly the opposite
happened. Then-Gov. John Engler announced prisoners could no longer be
interviewed by the broadcast media."
Source
Not
Dead Yet: The Resistance
International
Anti-Euthanasia Task Force
Kevorkian Verdict
Tomorrow: The death of Ronald Opus – an urban legend
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are both excellent resources that aid my research.
I frequently make use of their generously liberal 'fair use', 'copyleft'
and 'anti-copyright' policies, with much gratitude.
© My own copyright
policy is also liberal, but as this is my livelihood, conditions apply.
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